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However, there are three other major official languages used across the country, namely: Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo.The Yoruba people of Nigeria account for about 21 percent of the population – making them a major tribe and one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. Well, here is a look at the top things you need to know about them. They constitute about 21% of Nigeria’s total population, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria. Weaving is done on different types of looms in order to create hundreds of different patterns. The Yoruba people believe that they are descendants of Oduduwa. Musics varieties include Juju, Fuji etc with artists including King Sunny Ade, Ebenezer Obey, Wasiu Ayinde KWAM 1 etc.[20]. These are praise names, and they are used to suggest what the child's family background is or to express one's hope for the child: Akanbi- (one who is deliberately born); Ayinde (one who is praised on arrival); Akande (one who comes or arrives in full determination); Atanda (one who is deliberately created after thorough search). 23 posts & 937 views. However, their political and social system varies significantly, depending largely on regions. In 1893, the Yoruba Kingdom became part of the British Protectorate. If he/she stays there, it follows that it is not bad, and that would send a signal to the other one to start coming. The group disclosed that its action was … Divinity-philosopher Orunmila, the cultivator of Ifa-Ife Divination, is the father of ancient Yoruba Idealism. Once their consent is secured, the wedding day may be set. Examples of names given with reference to the family tradition include Ogundiran (Ogun has become a living tradition in the family); Ayanlowo (Ayan drumming tradition is honorable); Oyetoso (Chieftaincy is ornament); Olanrewaju (Honor is advancing forward); Olusegun (God has conquered the enemy). He cultivated the big ideas that led to the building of the first modern stadium in Africa and the first Cocoa House in the world. Second, the Yoruba are realistic and pragmatic about their attitude to death. In a sharp contrast, they are a collection of diverse people who are bound together by a common language, culture, and history. 2:27pm On Apr 07 ; Trade Nigeria Organisation by WorldAutomobile. (Let one conduct one's life gently; that one may die a good death; that one's children may stretch their hands over one's body in burial. [1], Since it is generally believed that names are like spirits which would like to live out their meanings, parents do a thorough search before giving names to their babies. Divinity-philosopher Orunmila epitomizes wisdom and idealism. Yoruba cuisine is quite vast and often includes plantains which can be boiled, fried and roasted.[4]. For females, Aduke (one who everyone likes to take care of), Ayoke (one who people are happy to care for), Arike (one who is cared for on sight), Atinuke or Abike (one that is born to be pampered),"Anike" which come from a longer name meaning we have a crown and it is as delicate as an egg. There she is prayed for and her legs are washed. The Yoruba are said to be religious people, but they are also pragmatic and tolerant about their religious differences. The wedding ceremony is the climax of a process that starts with courtship. For instance, they claim that they have more than 400 deities. meaning 'The cry of the new bride', this is to show that she is sad leaving her parents' home and signify her presence in the new home. In traditional society, the child is placed with a master of whatever craft the gods specify for him or her(although, this rarely happens nowadays). Among the most popular Yoruba women right now are media mogul Mo Abudu who has been recognized by the Forbes magazine as the most successful African woman, and one of the richest woman in the world, Folorunsho Alakija. Music and dance have always been an important part of their culture; used in the many different forms of entertainment.Musical instruments includes Bata, saworo, sekere, gangan etc. In order to honour their several deities, gods, and ancestors, the Yoruba’s make magnificent sculptures. Symbolic of the hopes, expectations and prayers of the parents for the new baby, honey, kola, bitter kola, atare (alligator pepper), water, palm oil, sugar, sugar cane, salt, and liquor each have a place and a special meaning in the world-view of the Yoruba. Some common foods native to the Yoruba include moin-moin (steamed bean pudding) and akara (bean cake). "ajewole" (wealth as being the family). In addition to that, they are also good porters, weavers, and metalsmiths. 1:54pm On Apr 07 (WorldAutomobile) Trade Nigeria Organisation The museum once housed over a thousand tombstone figures or images representing human beings. This is an accretion to the fact that one can find a sculptor, a weaver, a carver or a potter in every household in Yoruba land. Lagos State: People, Logo, Postal Code & Map, Rivers State: Population, Postal Code & Map, Top 5 African Cities With The Worst Traffic Congestion, Azman Air: Online Flight Booking, Services, Customer Care Contact, Nigerian Civil War With Biafra: The Untold Story. First, children and grand children would celebrate the life of their parent who passed and left a good name for them. While their primary concentration is in Nigeria, they are also found in other West African countries and throughout the entire world as well. As it were in the ancient times, Yoruba people always attach philosophical and religious connotations to whatever they produced or created. He also figures in the religion of the Edo people of southeastern Nigeria, who refer to him as Esango, and in the religion of the Fon people of Benin, who call him Sogbo or Ebioso. Before she is finally ushered into her house, if she is an adherent of the Yoruba faith, she is given a calabash (igba) and is then asked to break it. The young man identifies a young woman that he loves. The Yoruba people of Western Nigeria are a nationality of approximately 35 million people occupying the south-western parts of Nigeria. Violence and Politics in Nigeria: The Tiv and Yoruba Experience, 1982. © BuzzNigeria.com 2021. Shango, major deity of the religion of the Yoruba of southwestern Nigeria. There is also a council of elders which assists the Oba with decision-making. The ogberis (ignorant folks) fear death because it marks the end of an existence that is known and the beginning of one that is unknown. They form one of the three major tribes in Nigeria and they are found mostly in the Southern part of the country. Even as there is the acceptance of Christianity and Islam, the Yoruba people still hold their traditional religion very close. [5], After the ritual, the child is named and members of the extended family have the honour of also giving a name to the child. Numbering about 35 million in total, the Yoruba is one of the largest ethnic groups south of the Sahara Desert. All rights reserved. YORUBA leaders have condemned a purported plan to arrest Yoruba activist, Mr Sunday Adeyemo, popularly known as Sunday Igboho, through an invitation letter dispatched to … When a child is conceived with no prior menstruation, he or she is named Ilori. Chuka is the managing editor at BuzzNigeria.com, feel free to follow him on Twitter @chukaudeze. Participation in this afterlife is conditional on the nature of one's life and the nature of one's death. Other natural names include Abiodun (one born on a festival day or period),"Abiona"(one born on a journey) Abidemi or Bidemi (one born without the presence of its father) i.e the child's father didn't witness his baby's naming ceremony but not dead, maybe he just traveled, Enitan (one of a story) this child might have had any of its parent dead before its birth, Bosede (one born on a holy day); Babatunde/Babatunji (meaning father has come back) is the son born to a family where a father has recently passed. 6. Title associations play an important role when it comes to balancing and assigning power to different cities. Christianity, Islam etc. Groups, under the platform of Assembly of all Yoruba Groups Worldwide, have set aside June 12 as the day of referendum for the Yoruba on the self-determination agenda. Marriage is not considered to be only a union of the husband and wife, it is also seen among the Yoruba as the union of the families on both sides. And since the parent has only ascended to another plane of existence, it should be possible for the link to remain strong. The Yoruba call on this god by prayers or by pouring water on the ground using kola nuts. Pulse Nigeria Workplace suitability used to be a determining factor for parents when choosing Yoruba … He is the cultivator of ambitions and desires, and the interpreter of ori (head) and its destiny. The Yoruba are said to be prolific sculptors, famous for their terra cotta works throughout the 12th and 14th century; artists also earnests their capacity in making artwork out of bronze.. Esiẹ Museum is a museum in Esiẹ, Irepodun, Kwara.The museum was the first to be established in Nigeria when it opened in 1945. When this occurs, the family devises various methods to forestall a recurrence, including giving special names at a new birth. Yoruba cultural thought is a witness of two epochs. The culture and people were very interesting: Asa ati awon eyan yi daa gan ni: Historically, their culture centered on densely populated city-states each controlled by an oba, or king. According to the Yoruba Mythology, it is believed that they descended from an area called Odua. There is a belief in an afterlife that is a continuation of this life, only in a different setting, and the abode of the dead is usually placed at a place just outside this abode, and is sometimes thought of as separated by a stream. Once the day has been fixed through either consultation of the Orishas by a babalawo (in the case of followers of the Yoruba religion) or the decision of a man of God (in the case of the Christians or Muslims), the bride and bridegroom are warned to avoid travelling out of town, including to the farm. As the saying goes: Ki a ku l'omode, ki a fi esin se irele eni; o san ju ki a dagba ki a ma ni adie irana. Esiẹ Museum is a museum in Esiẹ, Irepodun, Kwara. Anifowose, Remi. x … Thus thought/philosophy is antecedent to religion. He built the first Radio and TV Houses in Africa. While their primary concentration is in Nigeria, they are also found in other West African countries and throughout the entire world as well. Some families have long-standing traditions for naming their children. Immortality is the dream of many, as "Eji-ogbe" puts it: Mo dogbogbo orose; Ng ko ku mo; Mo digba oke; Mo duro Gbonin. They constitute what could be described as the largest concentration of Africans who live and work in the Diaspora and their descendants are spread all over the world. It is reputed to have the largest collection of soapstone images in the world. The gift of a name comes with gifts of money and clothing. Both male and female babies are circumcised within the first month. These are names that are not natural with the child at birth but are given on either the seventh day of birth (for females) and ninth day of birth (for males). In Yoruba belief, death is not the end of life; rather, it is a transition from one form of existence to another. For instance, the art of passage of rite is still rife among the Yoruba and is still a common practice even to date. After a specified number of days have elapsed, a naming ceremony is held where close relatives are invited. If he doesn't, she and her parents are disgraced and may be banished from the village where they live. The first university in Nigeria was located in a Yoruba city. This refers to the hoe that is used to dig the grave. Adire is one of the popular textiles in Yoruba land. Thus more and more researches are being carried out on Yoruba cultural thought, as more and more books are being written on it—embossing its mark and advancing its research amongst non-African thinkers such as the political philosophers and political scientists who are beginning to open their doors to other cultures, widening their views. When a new baby is born, it is sprinkled with water until he or she cries failure to which no word is spoken until he or she does so. [8] Such names reflect the frustration of the poor parents: The Yoruba also have pet names or oriki. This falls into several categories. The Yoruba believe that some children are born to die. The Yoruba people (Yoruba: Ìran Yorùbá) are an ethnic group that inhabits western Africa, mainly the countries of Nigeria, Benin, and Togo.The Yoruba constitute around 30 million people Africawide. Or he may take to the profession of the father, in the case of a boy, or the mother, in the case of a girl. Yoruba … His (divine) idealism has inspired the entire Yoruba people in Africa and in Diaspora, especially those who were stolen (to the Americas and the West Indies) during the inhuman slave trade. Hence it is insisted that one has a good capacity for moral uprightness and personhood. Secondary school (high school) education also became common. Although religion is often first in Yoruba culture, nonetheless, it is the thought of man that actually leads spiritual consciousness (ori) to the creation and the practice of religion. Whilst many profess the Yoruba school of thought; many more profess other faiths e.g. It is quite intricate, each group and subgroup having a system that varies, but in general, government begins within the immediate family. Iyabode, Yeside, Yewande, and Yetunde, ("mother has come back") are female counterparts, names with the same meaning. Yoruba written literature begins with the formation of its grammar published in 1843. So, like all names, choosing a Yoruba name should be given significant consideration. Reference to hills is found in the saying "Gboningbonin ni t'oke, oke Gboningbonin". Prior to the wedding day, the payment of bride price is arranged. The uniqueness of Yoruba thought is that it is mainly narrative in form, explicating and pointing to the knowledge of the causes and nature of things, affecting the corporeal and the spiritual universe and its wellness. Isha, on the other hand, is the god of divination. (I have become an aged ose tree; I will no longer die; I have become two hundred hills rolled into one; I am immovable.) This chief will be subject to town chiefs, and these chiefs are usually themselves subject to their Oba, who may or may not be subject to another Oba himself.[18]. When it breaks, the number of pieces it is broken into is believed to be the number of children she will give birth to. But the culture and the royal family is still deeply venerated here, with the … The standard language incorporates several features from other dialects.[19]. Just as their men, the Yoruba women are expected to be respectful of their elders, and when the time for marriage comes, the women just as the men are expected to marry. family and friends to the door step of her new home in a ritual called Ekun Iyawo. In many cases, the relative will subsequently call the child by the name they give to him or her, so a new baby may thereafter have more than a dozen names. The parents have the responsibility for his/her socialization into the norms of the larger society, in addition to giving him a means of livelihood. Some Yoruba groups practice ifalomo(6th) holding the naming rites on the sixth day. A Detailed Look Into Her Biography, Zubby Michael Has No Wife or Son And Here Is The Story Behind It. This complexity has led westerners to compare their religion to that of ancient Greek. Akeredolu says the Yoruba people would not allow “impostors” to lead any agitation on their behalf. They are embodied in Ifa-Ife Divination, known as the tripartite Book of Enlightenment or the Body of Knowledge in Yorubaland and in Diaspora. [6], Some Yoruba believe that a baby may come with pre-destined names. It is believed that she is washing every bad-luck that she might have brought into her husband's house away. As people say: Keni huwa gbedegbede; keni lee ku pelepele; K'omo eni lee n'owo gbogboro L'eni sin. Distinctive cultural norms prevail in Yorubaland and among the Yoruba people. Without their various contributions, Yoruba land could have been lost in a hay of confusion. Other popular dishes include Asaro, Efokore, Ekuru and Aro, stews, corn, cassava, and flours (such as maize, yam and plantain flours), eggs, chicken, and assorted meat and fish). Baba Ifa Karade, The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts, Yorùbá People And Culture: Yorùbá Language, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yoruba_culture&oldid=1000614257, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup and no ISO hint, Pages with non-English text lacking appropriate markup from April 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Kosoko (there is no hoe anymore). Apart from referring to the aggregate of dialects and their speakers, the term Yoruba is used for the standard, written form of the language.[22]. They are good sculptors and craftsmen. Yoruba people have hundreds of aphorisms, folktales, and lore, and they believe that any lore that widens people's horizons and presents food for thought is the beginning of a philosophy. Yoruba The Yoruba are one of Nigeria’s most urban ethnic groups. His leadership philosophy helped him with big ideas. Dada is the child born with locked hair; and Ajayi (nicknamed Ogidi Olu) is the one born face-downwards.[7]. Apart from Nigeria, the Yoruba people are also found in Togo, Benin, Ghana, North America, and even the UK in large numbers. The second epoch is the epoch of metaphysical discourse. Virtually nothing of the historic city survives: it was destroyed by the British in an epic act of vandalism in 1897. What is The Meaning of IPOB, Who is The Leader and What Are They Fighting For? Contrary to what many people believe, the Yoruba are, in fact, not a single ethnic group. Yoruba nation has entered a moment of crossfire. But before the bride goes to her husbands house, she is escorted by different people i.e. But he is more of a psychologist than a philosopher. This suggests a somewhat cynical attitude in the parent(s). Even though a good number of Yoruba people practice Christianity, up to 20% of the Yoruba population still practice traditional forms of religion. (if we die young, and a horse is killed in celebration of one's life; it is better than dying old without people killing even a chicken in celebration.). On the wedding night she and her husband have their first meeting and he is ordinarily expected to find her to be a virgin. Oshun, also spelled Osun, an orisha (deity) of the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria.Oshun is commonly called the river orisha, or goddess, in the Yoruba religion and is typically associated with water, purity, fertility, love, and sensuality.She is considered one of the most powerful of all orishas, and, like other gods, she possesses human attributes such as vanity, jealousy, and spite. Adult men who are not closely related to the deceased, but who belong to the deceased’s clan are allowed to attend the burial. At a birth ceremony, no one younger than the baby’s mother is permitted. The important thing is a good life and a good name. Yes, Yoruba agitation for autonomy is … Kashimawo (let's wait and see). In Igbo, it is called mgbájị́. Twin-births when they are male and female are usually named on the eighth day but on the seventh or ninth day if they are same-sex twins. He interprets Olorun’s wishes to mankind. 3:33pm On Apr 07 (Hellraiser77) American From 4chan With Some Questions by Ulmius. Such soups as Okra soup (locally known as ila alasepo) and egusi (melon soup) have become very popular in Western Nigeria in recent times and, in addition to Amala (yam flour), a traditional Yoruba fufu made of yam flour, these can be eaten with numerous Nigerian fufu meals, including pounded yam (locally referred to as iyan); lafun, a Nigeria fufu made from cassava; semolina; and garri (eba). This is to prevent any mishap. 87 posts & 874 views. While this is the only marital ceremony that is practiced by the more traditional members of the tribe, Christian and Muslim members generally blend it with a church wedding and registry wedding (in the case of Christians) or a nikkah and registry wedding (in the case of Muslims). Hence some of them are referred to as artist-philosophers. The art of sculpture is not a new concept among the Yoruba people. Personhood is an achieved state judged by the standard of goodness to self, to the community and to the ancestors. They know that one may die at a young age. Like all of the Yoruba gods (orishas), Hence the second to arrive is named Kehinde (late arrival; it is now common for many Kehindes to be called by the familiar diminutive "Kenny".Irrespective of the sex the child born to the same woman after the twins is called Idowu, and the one after this is called Alaba, then the next child is called Idogbe. Most of what survived of this legal code has been assimilated into the customary laws of the sovereign nations that the Yoruba inhabit. Native Yoruba soups include ewedu, gbegiri (which is made from beans), and efo riro (a type of vegetable soup). Therefore, people make an effort to remember their ancestors on a regular basis. The museum was the first to be established in Nigeria when it opened in 1945. Then once they both express mutual love, they let their parents know about their feelings for each other. His or her wedding is also the responsibility of the parents. But what are some of the notable facts about the Yoruba People? English is the common language used in Nigeria. Beautiful sculptures of wood, brass, and terracotta are common things among the Yoruba. They are given in accordance with significant events at time of birth or with reference to the family tradition as has been mentioned above. In addition, there are three gods available to all. He and his friends seek her out through various means. As such, Yoruba people put considerable effort into naming a baby. What Is Shatta Bandle’s Real Net Worth and The Sources of His Wealth? The man's parents arrange to pay a visit to the prospective bride's parents. This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 22:12. Each town has a leader called Oba, who achieves this position by being selected by an Oba who is in power, by inheritance or by participating title associations. Another notable culture among the Yorubas is the burial as a rite of passage. Yoruba culture consists of the folk/cultural philosophy, the autochthonous religion and folktales. 2. The Yoruba people believe that people live out the meanings of their names. Irrespective of modernization, the Yoruba people still hold their culture and traditions so dearly. Babajuma, Malomo. Today the city is the centre of Nigeria's rubber trade, and a sprawling metropolis. This commenced in the 19th century when the land became a literate land through the diligence and pragmatism of Dr. Bishop Ajayi Crowther, the first African Anglican Bishop. This is to identify the first twin as the one sent by the other one to first go and taste the world. The Yoruba also pray for many blessings, but the most important three are wealth, children and immortality: ire owo; ire omo; ire aiku pari iwa. Such customs are often derived from their profession or religion. The young man sends messages of interest to the young woman until such a time that they are close enough to avoid a go-between (alarina). For example, a family of hunters could name their baby Ogunbunmi (Ogun favors me with this) to show their respect to the divinity who gives them metal tools for hunting. Despite the fact that the Yoruba cannot detail all their long pedigrees, such as divinity-philosopher Oduduwa, divinity-philosopher Obatala, divinity-philosopher Orunmila, divinity-philosopher Sango, divinity-philosopher Ogun, divinity-philosopher Osun (one of the three wives of Sango), divinity-philosopher Olokun, divinity-philosopher Oya(one of the three wives of Sango), divinity-philosopher Esu, divinity-philosopher Ososi, divinity-philosopher Yemoja, divinity-philosopher Sopona, etc., nonetheless it is a fact of truth that they had all impacted the Yoruba people and contributed to the wellness and well-being of the Yoruba society. ... Nigeria. This derives from the phenomenon of the tragic incidents of high rate of infant mortality sometimes afflicting the same family for a long time. This testifies to the belief in reincarnation. Based on the definition of the Yoruba Idealism, which is the search for the meaning of life and the yearning for the best in life, Yoruba Idealism is a kind of Enlightenment Movement in its own right, as every scion in the land endeavors to reach the height or the acme of his idealistic ambition.

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